1.    Pakistan has fought four wars with India in an attempt to make inroads into Kashmir, but has however failed miserably each time. Not able to match India conventionally, it hatched a conspiracy and has waged a covert proxy war in the Kashmir Valley since 1989-90. Pakistan has exploited religious sentiments of the Kashmiri people, whipped up passions along communal and sectarian lines, fanned flames of religious fundamentalism and in the process, gradually attempted to create conditions for waging Jehad. Pakistan trained militants in training camps and infiltrated them across the Line of Control to target Indian security forces and commit atrocities on Kashmiri population. The situation became very hostile for Kashmiri Pandits and they were compelled to leave their homelandin the early 1990. To bring the situation under control, Security forces were intensly involved in counter terrorist operations and were hence committed along the Line of Control as also as in the Hinterland.

2.    Rashtriya Rifles was raised in 1990 to combat Pakistan sponsored militancy in J&K and to protect the rights of the people. After being deployed in various districts of J&K it started launching Intelligence Based Operations with the help of the local population which led to the neutralisation of a large number terrorists and terrorist leaders. However, Pakistan has maintained terrorists in J&K by periodically infiltrating militants from across the Line of Control.

3.    Op Deewar was launched in 2004-05 to construct a fence along the Line of Control and plug the easy access to Pakistan trained terrorists. Indian security forces formulated a comprehensive counter proxy war strategy by having a robust Counter Infiltration grid along the Line of Control and launching relentless Intelligence Based Operations in the Hinterland. A Unified Headquarter was formulated under the chairmanship of the Chief Minister to synergise the actions of executive, civil administration and security forces. The methodology paid dividends and led to the elimination of a large numbers of terrorists their leaders.

4.    Successive elections at various levels provided governance at the grass root and made a difference in the life of the Kashmiri People. Pakistan again changed its strategy and used its proxies in Kashmir to orchestrate agitational violence and directed terrorists for targeted killing of elected representatives, minorities, non locals and Kashmiri muslims supporting the government.

5.    Security forces also stepped up their operations to keep terrorists under pressure and render their attempts to gain an upper hand unsuccessful. Successful operations resulted in elimination of High Value Targets/ leadership affecting the morale of terrorist organisations and put a dent in their plans and efforts to step up their activities.